San Francisco 49ers at Buffalo Bills

Before kickoff

SF

21%

BUF

79%

Predicted winner

BUF

Confidence

75%

Snapshot

In-season walk-forward

Stored from information available before kickoff in a walk-forward historical simulation. Kickoff did not publish this pick publicly at the time. Not betting advice.

Final

10–35

Winner BUF. Kickoff was correct.

Why the model leaned this way

Model contributions (standardized feature × coefficient). Not causal explanations.

• QB yards/attempt+0.7 BUF
• Home field+0.6 BUF
• QB completion %−0.3 SF
• Scoring+0.2 BUF